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Throughout history, climatic fluctuations have been a constant companion of human civilization. Early human civilizations developed along the fertile banks of rivers such as the Nile in Egypt, the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the Indus in the Indian subcontinent, and China's Yellow and Yangtze rivers. There was abundant water for drinking and irrigation, and…
I read Jiang et al., 2025, a recent Nature Communications paper with curiousity. This paper examines transboundary conflict from surface-water scarcity under climate change and estimates that, without adaptation, roughly 35–41% of the world's transboundary river basins could face conditions conducive to water-scarcity-related conflict by mid-century. With sufficiently effective cooperation and other adaptations, that fraction…
